新闻动态
混泥土钢纤维具有优良的抗拉等性能
混泥土钢纤维是在普通混凝土中掺入适量短钢纤维而形成的可浇筑、可喷射成型的一种新型复合材料，近年来在国内外得到迅速发展。它克服了混凝土抗拉强度低、极限延伸率小、性脆等缺点，具有优良的抗拉、抗弯、抗剪、阻裂、耐疲劳、高韧性等性能，已在水工、路桥、建筑等工程领域得到应用。
Mixed clay steel fiber is a new type of composite material, which can be poured and sprayed by adding appropriate amount of short steel fiber into ordinary concrete. It has been developed rapidly at home and abroad in recent years. It overcomes the shortcomings of low tensile strength, low ultimate elongation and brittleness of concrete. It has excellent properties of tensile, bending, shear, crack resistance, fatigue resistance and high toughness. It has been applied in hydraulic engineering, road and bridge engineering, building and other fields.
一、混泥土钢纤维的发展
I. Development of Steel Fiber in Mixed Soil
混泥土钢纤维是纤维增强混凝土的简称，通常是以水泥净浆、砂浆或者混凝土为基体，以金属纤维、无机纤维或有机纤维增强材料组成的一种水泥基复合材料。它是将短而细的，具有高抗拉强度、高极限延伸率、高抗碱性的纤维均匀地分散在混凝土基体中形成的一种新型建筑材料。纤维在混凝土中可限制混凝土早期裂缝的产生及在外力作用下裂缝的进一步扩展，有效克服混凝土抗拉强度低、易开裂、抗疲劳性能差等固有缺陷，同时可大幅度提高混凝土的抗渗、防水、抗冻、护筋性等方面的性能。纤维混凝土尤其是混泥土钢纤维，由于其优越的性能，在实际工程中日益得到学术界和工程界的关注。1907年苏联专家B.П.HekpocaB开始用金属纤维增强混凝土；1910年，美国H.F.Porter发表了有关短纤维增强混凝土的研究报告，建议把短钢纤维均匀地分散在混凝土中用以强化基体材料；1911年，美国Graham曾把钢纤维掺入普通混凝土中，提高混凝土强度和稳定性；到20世纪40年代，美、英、法、德、日等国先后做了许多关于用钢纤维来提高混凝土耐磨性和抗裂性、混泥土钢纤维制造工艺、改进钢纤维形状以提高纤维与混凝土基体的黏结强度等方面的研究；1963年J.P.Romualdi和G.B.Batson发表了关于钢纤维约束混凝土裂缝开展机理的论文，提出了混泥土钢纤维开裂强度是由对拉伸应力起有效作用的钢纤维平均间距所决定的结论（纤维间距理论），从而开始了这种新型复合材料的实用开发阶段。到目前，随着混泥土钢纤维的推广应用，因纤维在混凝土中的分布情况不同，主要有四类：混泥土钢纤维、混杂纤维混凝土、层布式混泥土钢纤维和层布式混杂纤维混凝土。
Mixed soil steel fiber is short for fiber reinforced concrete. It is usually a kind of cement-based composite material, which is composed of metal fiber, inorganic fiber or organic fiber reinforced material and is based on cement paste, mortar or concrete. It is a new kind of building material, which distributes short and thin fibers with high tensile strength, high ultimate elongation and high alkali resistance evenly in concrete matrix. Fiber in concrete can limit the occurrence of early cracks and the further expansion of cracks under external forces, effectively overcome the inherent defects of concrete such as low tensile strength, easy cracking, poor fatigue resistance, and can greatly improve the impermeability, waterproof, frost resistance, reinforcement and other properties of concrete. Fiber reinforced concrete, especially concrete steel fiber, has attracted more and more attention in academia and engineering field due to its superior performance. In 1907, Soviet expert B. _. HekpocaB began to use metal fiber reinforced concrete; in 1910, H. F. Porter of the United States published a research report on short fiber reinforced concrete, suggesting that short steel fibers should be evenly dispersed in concrete to strengthen the matrix material; in 1911, Graham of the United States mixed steel fibers into ordinary concrete to improve the strength and stability of concrete; in 1940, the United States of America introduced steel fibers into ordinary concrete to improve the strength and stability of concrete. In 1963, J.P. Romualdi and G.B. Batson published papers on the mechanism of steel fiber restraining concrete cracks, and put forward some suggestions. It is concluded that the cracking strength of steel fibers in concrete is determined by the average spacing of steel fibers, which plays an effective role in tensile stress (the theory of fiber spacing), thus starting the practical development stage of this new type of composite material. Up to now, with the popularization and application of concrete steel fibers, there are four main types of fibers in concrete due to their different distribution: concrete steel fibers, hybrid fiber concrete, layered concrete steel fibers and layered hybrid fiber concrete.
二、混泥土钢纤维的增强机理
2. Reinforcement mechanism of steel fiber in concrete
1. 复合力学理论。复合力学理论是以连续纤维复合材料理论为基础，结合钢纤维在混凝土中的分布特点形成的。该理论是将复合材料视为以纤维为一相、基体为另一相的两相复合材料。
1. Theory of composite mechanics. The theory of composite mechanics is based on the theory of continuous fiber reinforced composites and combines the distribution characteristics of steel fibers in concrete. The theory regards composite materials as two-phase composites with fibers as one phase and matrix as another phase.
2. 纤维间距理论。纤维间距理论又称阻裂理论，是根据线弹性断裂力学而提出的，该理论认为纤维的增强作用仅与均匀分布的纤维间距(最小间距)有关。
2. Fiber spacing theory. The theory of fiber spacing, also known as the theory of crack resistance, is based on linear elastic fracture mechanics. The theory holds that the reinforcing effect of fibers is only related to the uniformly distributed fiber spacing (minimum spacing).
Mixed clay steel fiber is a new type of composite material, which can be poured and sprayed by adding appropriate amount of short steel fiber into ordinary concrete. It has been developed rapidly at home and abroad in recent years. It overcomes the shortcomings of low tensile strength, low ultimate elongation and brittleness of concrete. It has excellent properties of tensile, bending, shear, crack resistance, fatigue resistance and high toughness. It has been applied in hydraulic engineering, road and bridge engineering, building and other fields.
一、混泥土钢纤维的发展
I. Development of Steel Fiber in Mixed Soil
混泥土钢纤维是纤维增强混凝土的简称，通常是以水泥净浆、砂浆或者混凝土为基体，以金属纤维、无机纤维或有机纤维增强材料组成的一种水泥基复合材料。它是将短而细的，具有高抗拉强度、高极限延伸率、高抗碱性的纤维均匀地分散在混凝土基体中形成的一种新型建筑材料。纤维在混凝土中可限制混凝土早期裂缝的产生及在外力作用下裂缝的进一步扩展，有效克服混凝土抗拉强度低、易开裂、抗疲劳性能差等固有缺陷，同时可大幅度提高混凝土的抗渗、防水、抗冻、护筋性等方面的性能。纤维混凝土尤其是混泥土钢纤维，由于其优越的性能，在实际工程中日益得到学术界和工程界的关注。1907年苏联专家B.П.HekpocaB开始用金属纤维增强混凝土；1910年，美国H.F.Porter发表了有关短纤维增强混凝土的研究报告，建议把短钢纤维均匀地分散在混凝土中用以强化基体材料；1911年，美国Graham曾把钢纤维掺入普通混凝土中，提高混凝土强度和稳定性；到20世纪40年代，美、英、法、德、日等国先后做了许多关于用钢纤维来提高混凝土耐磨性和抗裂性、混泥土钢纤维制造工艺、改进钢纤维形状以提高纤维与混凝土基体的黏结强度等方面的研究；1963年J.P.Romualdi和G.B.Batson发表了关于钢纤维约束混凝土裂缝开展机理的论文，提出了混泥土钢纤维开裂强度是由对拉伸应力起有效作用的钢纤维平均间距所决定的结论（纤维间距理论），从而开始了这种新型复合材料的实用开发阶段。到目前，随着混泥土钢纤维的推广应用，因纤维在混凝土中的分布情况不同，主要有四类：混泥土钢纤维、混杂纤维混凝土、层布式混泥土钢纤维和层布式混杂纤维混凝土。
Mixed soil steel fiber is short for fiber reinforced concrete. It is usually a kind of cement-based composite material, which is composed of metal fiber, inorganic fiber or organic fiber reinforced material and is based on cement paste, mortar or concrete. It is a new kind of building material, which distributes short and thin fibers with high tensile strength, high ultimate elongation and high alkali resistance evenly in concrete matrix. Fiber in concrete can limit the occurrence of early cracks and the further expansion of cracks under external forces, effectively overcome the inherent defects of concrete such as low tensile strength, easy cracking, poor fatigue resistance, and can greatly improve the impermeability, waterproof, frost resistance, reinforcement and other properties of concrete. Fiber reinforced concrete, especially concrete steel fiber, has attracted more and more attention in academia and engineering field due to its superior performance. In 1907, Soviet expert B. _. HekpocaB began to use metal fiber reinforced concrete; in 1910, H. F. Porter of the United States published a research report on short fiber reinforced concrete, suggesting that short steel fibers should be evenly dispersed in concrete to strengthen the matrix material; in 1911, Graham of the United States mixed steel fibers into ordinary concrete to improve the strength and stability of concrete; in 1940, the United States of America introduced steel fibers into ordinary concrete to improve the strength and stability of concrete. In 1963, J.P. Romualdi and G.B. Batson published papers on the mechanism of steel fiber restraining concrete cracks, and put forward some suggestions. It is concluded that the cracking strength of steel fibers in concrete is determined by the average spacing of steel fibers, which plays an effective role in tensile stress (the theory of fiber spacing), thus starting the practical development stage of this new type of composite material. Up to now, with the popularization and application of concrete steel fibers, there are four main types of fibers in concrete due to their different distribution: concrete steel fibers, hybrid fiber concrete, layered concrete steel fibers and layered hybrid fiber concrete.
二、混泥土钢纤维的增强机理
2. Reinforcement mechanism of steel fiber in concrete
1. 复合力学理论。复合力学理论是以连续纤维复合材料理论为基础，结合钢纤维在混凝土中的分布特点形成的。该理论是将复合材料视为以纤维为一相、基体为另一相的两相复合材料。
1. Theory of composite mechanics. The theory of composite mechanics is based on the theory of continuous fiber reinforced composites and combines the distribution characteristics of steel fibers in concrete. The theory regards composite materials as two-phase composites with fibers as one phase and matrix as another phase.
2. 纤维间距理论。纤维间距理论又称阻裂理论，是根据线弹性断裂力学而提出的，该理论认为纤维的增强作用仅与均匀分布的纤维间距(最小间距)有关。
2. Fiber spacing theory. The theory of fiber spacing, also known as the theory of crack resistance, is based on linear elastic fracture mechanics. The theory holds that the reinforcing effect of fibers is only related to the uniformly distributed fiber spacing (minimum spacing).
